Our earlier sample suggested that men are admitted with much greater frequency to Japanese ICUs than women. In addition, the risk-adjusted mortality for women was significantly different than that for men in Japan. These data confirm that a significantly higher proportion of men are admitted to Japanese ICUs when compared to women in the United States. However, this larger sample does not support the finding that risk-adjusted outcomes for men are better than those for women. The difference in ICU utilization by gender is in part a consequence of the preference to use limited ICU-bed resources for elective postoperative care and the higher incidence of GI malignancies in Japanese men compared to women for which operative resections result in postoperative ICU recovery. health and care mall
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