Walking Shoes, Running Shoes, Cross Trainers.... What's the Difference?

By: Stephanie Hoth, C.Ped.

Weight distribution and impact forces vary depending on activity.  New Balance shoes are designed to accommodate for these changes.  Walking shoes, running shoes, and cross trainers are engineered to meet specific static and dynamic structural needs contingent upon your movement.

Running and walking are two distinct movements.  Two major differences between the running and walking gait are found in ground contact and ground impact forces.  While walking, there is always at least one limb in contact with the
ground.  Conversely, while running one experiences an aerial period in which no limb is in contact with the ground.  As the runner lands, he/she experiences forces 3-4 times his/her body weight.  Because of these differences, running shoes and walking shoes are made differently. 

New Balance walking shoes are built to ensure a more centered, forward roll of the foot as the heel strikes the ground, and weight shifts to the forefoot.  They will typically be made for lower impact activity.  Many have a rocker sole, whereas the heel and toe have an exaggerated curvature in the sole to allow less effort in forward movement and decreased flexion in the ankle joint and foot.  Many New Balance walking shoes are designed with motion control technology in the heel to prevent significant overpronation or supination. They’re offered in a variety of styles, as well as models with extra depth to acclimate for swelling, custom orthoses, etc.

Running shoes are made for high impact, and are very flexible. The cushion is focused in both the heel and the forefoot to ensure proper shock absorbency during heel strike and toe off.  They tend to be more lightweight and are  constructed of breathable materials.  New Balance running shoes are offered in a variety of stack heights dependent upon the runner’s desire to heel strike or midfoot strike.

Cross trainers are made for forward and backward movement, as well as side-to-side movement.  They typically will have a stiffer sole and be heavier in weight. 
Due to their rigid nature, it’s not advised to run in a cross trainer.  These shoes are designed for starting, stopping, pivoting, etc.  They do not mimic the inherent flexible nature of the joints in the forefoot.

Athletic shoes should be replaced about every 400 miles.  Check the midsole
to observe and major compressions within the foam.  As the shoe wears down, the heel support and the shoe’s ability to absorb shock depreciates.