The Impact of Cannabis Use in Adults versus Youth

Today's article from the Milford Prevention Council is courtesy of our intern from Jonathan Law High School, Gabriella Parfett.

Substance abuse among teenagers is a growing concern that affects not only the individual but also families, schools and communities. Substance abuse is a mental health condition where you experience a problematic pattern of substance use that affects your health and quality of life. Some common types of substance abuse are alcoholism, cocaine use, cannabis use, tobacco and opioid. Marijuana, also known as cannabis, is a psychoactive drug derived from the Cannabis plant. Its primary chemical component, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is responsible for the “high” people experience when using it. While marijuana is used both medically and recreationally, its effects can vary significantly depending on age, particularly between teens and adults. When adults use marijuana, the short-term effects typically include relaxation, altered senses, and impaired short-term memory. Long-term use in adults can lead to dependency, but studies suggest that fully developed brains are better able to handle the neurological impacts of cannabis. However, marijuana use during adolescence presents greater risks. The teenage brain is still developing, particularly in areas responsible for decision-making, memory, and impulse control. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), regular marijuana use during adolescence can negatively affect brain development, potentially leading to long-term cognitive and behavioral issues. Teens who use marijuana are also at higher risk of developing mental health problems such as depression, anxiety, and even psychosis, especially if there is a family history of mental illness. Another concern is that teens who start using marijuana early are more likely to develop a marijuana use disorder later in life. This is partly because the earlier drug use begins, the more likely it is to interfere with school performance, social development, and emotional regulation. In summary, while marijuana has varying effects depending on the user’s age, research shows that teens face significantly greater risks due to the ongoing development of their brains. Public health experts emphasize the importance of educating young people about these risks and promoting healthy decision-making.

References

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2024, February 15). Cannabis and teens. https://www.cdc.gov/cannabis/h...