Sage Advice: Summer Temps Bring Risks to Adults 65+

We’re moving quickly to the “dog days of summer”, the days from early July to late August when the temperatures rise.

As the temperatures rise, the risk of heat-related illness also rises especially for older adults.

People age 65 and older are especially at risk for heat-related illness. The bodies of older adults do not  adjust as well as those of younger people to sudden changes in temperature. Older adults are also likely to be taking one or more prescription medications which affect the body’s ability to regulate temperature and to perspire.

Two forms of heat-related illness  are health exhaustion or heat stroke. Both can escalate to life-threatening situations.

Heat exhaustion generally develops over several days and results from heat exposure and lack of adequate hydration. Symptoms can include muscle cramps, tiredness, weakness, paleness, dizziness, headaches, vomiting or nausea, fainting. Other symptoms include a  fast and weak pulse, fast and shallow breathing and skin that is moist and cool.

If you see signs of heat exhaustion, then try these measures: move the person to a shady area or cool spot, apply cool cloths or attempt a cool bath or shower. Get emergency medical attention as soon as possible.

Heat stroke occurs when the body is not able to control its temperature.  Body temperature rises quickly and loses its ability to sweat thereby resulting in the body's inability to cool down. One indicator of heat stroke is when the body temperature rises to 103°F or higher within 10 to 15 minutes.

Heat stroke can cause death or permanent disability if emergency treatment is not provided.

Signs of heat stroke include a very high body temperature (above 103 degrees F), skin that is red and hot and dry (no sweat),strong and fast pulse, throbbing headache, dizziness and nausea.

Taking a cautious  approach to dealing with the heat of the summer can help prevent heat-related stress and illness.  A dose of common sense and these practical steps can help:

• Maintain adequate hydration with cool, non-alcoholic beverages. Avoid extremely cold beverages as they may cause cramps.
• Bathe in cool water frequently.
• Seek out air-conditioned environments. Senior centers, shopping malls, libraries and movie theatres are good alternatives to being at home.
• Exercise with caution. Get adequate rest and don’t overdo.
• Wear lightweight clothing. Protect your head.
• Carry a water bottle at all times.

Have a safe and happy summer --- and above all, stay cool and hydrated!