Keeping Cool in the Summer Heat

By Dr. Jack Cornwell, medical director at CareWell Urgent Care

With summer in full swing, we are spending more and more time outside to soak up the warm weather while it’s here. However, days spent sunbathing by the pool or playing in the park may come with the risk of too much sun exposure and possible health complications due to extreme heat. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, on average, there are over 600 fatal cases related to extreme heat complications each year in the United States. In order to know how much sun is too much, it is important to understand the difference between heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

Heat exhaustion

Heat exhaustion is a result of your body physically overheating. It’s typically accompanied by dehydration and may begin with symptoms such as heavy sweating and a rapid pulse. Furthermore, those at risk of heat exhaustion may experience cool or moist skin, dizziness, low blood pressure upon standing, muscle cramps, nausea, and headaches. Symptoms may develop over time or appear suddenly, so it’s vital to be aware of the signs.

Once symptoms of heat exhaustion are recognized, it is crucial to get out of the heat and rest in a cool area. Be sure to drink plenty of fluids, remove any tight or unnecessary clothing, and take measures to cool down the body. Try taking a cool shower or applying ice towels. If those methods fail to provide relief within 15 minutes of treatment, visit an urgent care center immediately as heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke if untreated.

Heat stroke

Heat stroke is the most severe heat-related injury and is considered a medical emergency. It occurs when your body temperature rises greater than 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Heat stroke has similar yet more aggressive symptoms than heat exhaustion, including throbbing headaches, fainting, nausea, confusion or disorientation, and a rapid heartbeat. Once symptoms are suspected, immediately apply cold compresses to slow the process and seek medical attention. Not drinking enough water, drinking excessive amounts of alcohol, having chronic diseases, or living without air conditioning or with poor airflow can put you at high-risk for heat-related injuries as severe as heat stroke.

Understand the Risks

The risk of heat-related illness increases dramatically when the heat index rises above 90 degrees. When the heat index is reported to be high, it is suggested to stay in air-conditioned areas. If you go outside, wear lightweight, loose-fitting clothing and drink extra fluids, especially water, throughout the day.

If you notice or experience any symptoms of either heat exhaustion or heat stroke, remove yourself from the heat and contact your doctor or local urgent care center immediately. CareWell Urgent Care centers are equipped to treat these or other heat induced injuries and will have you back enjoying your summer day in no time!