A Few Things to Know about Gum Disease

How much do you know about gum disease? Also called periodontal disease, gum disease is not an uncommon problem among adults in this country. It can range from mild gum inflammation (known as gingivitis) to a serious progression that can threaten your oral health and even result in tooth loss.

If you have gingivitis, it is probably evident. Gums become swollen and red and bleed easily. The good news is that gingivitis can be reversed via a careful regimen of brushing, flossing, and regular dental visits for cleanings to remove the plaque buildup on teeth known as tartar. Gingivitis that is addressed early does not result in the loss of gum tissue or bone.

Gingivitis, however, can progress to a more serious form of gum disease known as periodontitis, in which gums recede from teeth and form pockets that are prone to infection, causing a tooth’s support structure to weaken or be destroyed. This can result in tooth loss or damage to the jawbone.

What are the risk factors for gum disease?

· Age. Most adults to not display signs of gum disease until they are in their 30s or 40s, although it can develop in much younger people as well.

· Gender. Men tend to be slightly more susceptible to gum disease than women.

· Genetics. Some individuals are simply more prone to the disease than others.

· Poor dental hygiene. Careful attention to dental hygiene, including regular brushing and flossing and dental visits can cut down on plaque and tartar buildup and identify gum problems early.

· Smoking. People who smoke are much more susceptible to gum disease.

· Hormones. Hormonal changes in girls or women can cause gums to be more sensitive.

· Other diseases. Diabetes and other diseases can increase an individual’s risk for gum infection.

· Medications. Some medications reduce the flow of saliva, which adversely affects the mouth’s ability to combat infections that can attack gum tissue.

What are the symptoms of gum disease?

Any of the symptoms listed below can be evidence of a dental problem. Schedule an appointment with your dentist if you notice any of the following:

· Swelling or redness of the gums.

· Gums that feel tender or bleed easily.

· Pain while chewing or increased tooth sensitivity.

· Chronic bad breath.

· Loose teeth.

· Teeth that appear “longer” – this may be a sign that your gums are receding.

How can I prevent gum disease?

Brushing, flossing, and fluoridated mouth rinses can help cut down on plaque and tartar buildup. Regular cleanings and screenings by your dentist can also help create a healthier oral environment and identify gum problems before they become serious. If your dentist does detect gingivitis or periodontitis, there are treatments designed to slow or stop its spread. Deep-cleaning procedures and medications may help when all other treatments have been tried. If you gum disease is serious, your dentist may also refer you to a periodontist, or gum specialist.

If you think that you might be experiencing symptoms of gun disease, contact your dentist and schedule an appointment. Catching the problem early is your best defense against more serious problems down the road.