Canton Leader Comments On City's Water Quality: Update

CANTON, GA — A report released Wednesday said more than 270 harmful contaminants in local drinking water across the nation, including in Canton. The substances are linked to cancer, damage to the brain and nervous system, hormonal disruption, problems in pregnancy and other serious health conditions. But the City of Canton disputes those findings.

The nonprofit Environmental Working Group, collaborating with outside scientists, aggregated and analyzed data from almost 50,000 local water utilities in all 50 states.

Read more on the Environmental Working Group’s data sources and methodology.

In Canton, the group found 11 contaminants, with 7 exceeding its guidelines, across the water supply between 2012 and 2017.

Canton City Manager Billy Peppers disputed the environmental group's findings.

"The City of Canton is committed to providing safe drinking water to all our customers," Peppers said in a press release Friday. "Our drinking water meets or exceeds all state and federal water quality regulations set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Georgia Environmental Protection Division (EPD). Under EPA and EPD, water produced by the City of Canton and other public water systems is more highly regulated and receives much more oversight than that sold in bottles."

The Safe Drinking Water Act requires EPA to review each national primary drinking water regulation (including Maximum Contaminant Levels, or MCLs) at least once every six years and revise them, if appropriate, Peppers said. The EPA is required to consider three criteria when deciding whether to regulate a contaminant:

• The contaminant may have an adverse effect on the health of persons
• The contaminant is known to occur or there is a high chance that the contaminant will occur in public water systems often enough and at levels of public health concern
• Regulation of the contaminant presents a meaningful opportunity for health risk reductions for persons served by public water systems

"In addition to quarterly and annual sampling, the city tests approximately 100 water samples a month from original water sources, Canton Water Treatment Plant, and Canton water distribution system," Peppers said.

Peppers said if the public has additional questions, contact the City of Canton at 770-704-1500 or email info@cantonga.gov.

The organization found a troubling discrepancy between the current legal limits for contaminants and the most recent authoritative studies of what is safe to consume.

“Legal does not necessarily equal safe,” Sydney Evans, a science analyst at the environmental group, told Patch.

“A lot of these legal limits are outdated and not necessarily the safe level, and the EWG really wants to fill that gap,” Evans said. “The federal government has not been able to, or is not willing to, set those new regulations to protect public health. We’re trying to fill the gap to let people know, based on the latest science, what the safe levels of contaminants in water are.”

"The City of Canton is supplied by surface water from the Etowah River and is treated at the Bobby E. Bishop Water Treatment facility located at 150 Bobby E. Bishop Drive, Canton GA 30114," the 2017 Canton Water Quality Report said. "The water is treated and filtered to remove several contaminants, plus the water is chlorinated to disinfect against viruses and pathogens (harmful bacteria), fluoride is added to enhance dental protection, and polyphosphate is added to reduce internal pipe scaling and corrosion. The levels of these additives are monitored daily to ensure proper dosages are being added. Canton also purchases water from the Cherokee County Water & Sewer Authority and the City of Waleska in amounts less the 20 percent of the total water sold. The source water for the Authority’s and the City of Waleska is also the Etowah River."

Canton's water supply served 14,300 people, according to the environmental group.

Patch reached out to Canton for comment and will update the article.

The following contaminants were detected above the environmental group’s own recommended health guidelines in Canton:

1. Bromodichloromethane
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 60 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 3.59 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in Canton utility)
   • 0.06 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • No legal limit
2. Chloroform
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 42 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 16.8 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.4 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • No legal limit
3. Chromium (hexavalent)
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 3.3 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 0.0663 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.02 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • No legal limit
4. Dichloroacetic acid
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 16 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 11.3 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.7 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • No legal limit
5. Nitrate and nitrite
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 2.2 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 0.310 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.14 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • 10 ppm (Legal limit)
6. Total trihalomethanes (TTHMs)
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 142 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 21.2 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.15 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • 80 ppm (Legal limit)
7. Trichloroacetic acid
   • Cancer (Potential Effect)
   • 21 (Times the rate of suggested EWG guideline)
   • 10.7 ppb (Rate this contaminant appears in YOUR utility)
   • 0.5 ppb (EWG Health Guideline #)
   • No legal limit

In the case of polyfluorinated substances, or PFAs, the environmental group estimated up to 110 million Americans could have the potentially cancer-causing, immune-system damaging contaminant in their drinking water. Yet the EPA requires drinking water utilities across the country to test for only six of 14 known substances in the category.

A variety of other contaminants often found in the water of millions of Americans can profoundly impact health. They include lead, which has been linked to brain damage in small children; arsenic, which can cause cancer; and copper, which can be harmful to infants.

The EPA did not respond to numerous requests by Patch seeking comment on the findings of the study.

According to the environmental group, many of the 270-plus contaminants detected through water sampling are at levels deemed legal under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, yet are above levels that recent studies have found to pose possible health risks.

Visit the environmental group’s web page for Canton to see the recommended ways to combat the specific substances in your drinking water and the risks that they pose.

The environmental group has a clear opinion on the federal government’s handling of water safety.

“The regulatory system meant to ensure the safety of America’s drinking water is broken. The inexcusable failure of the federal government’s responsibility to protect public health means there are no legal limits for more than 160 unregulated contaminants in U.S. tap water,” Environmental Working Group researchers stated in its “State of American Drinking Water.”

A focal point of the organization’s concern is the Environmental Protection Agency’s refusal to add a single new contaminant to the toxic chemicals list covered by the Safe Drinking Water Act in almost 20 years.

Independent experts agree.

“With the science on what we call ‘emerging contaminants’ continuing to grow, it is clear that there are components of our tap water that can be improved,” Kristin Strock, professor of Environmental Science at Dickinson College, told Patch.

Strock, who is not affiliated with the environmental group, also emphasized the challenges in the process of federally regulating harmful contaminants, suggesting the current system is somewhat backward.

“The road to regulating harmful contaminants is difficult, as our current construct for ensuring clean water is based on ‘proving’ that something is harmful before it is regulated as opposed to assuming contaminants could be harmful and ‘proving’ them safe before allowing them to go into industrial production and, as a result, our environment,” she said. “The EPA has been working on identifying safe limits for a number of these emerging contaminants and continues to work on the problem.”

The Environmental Working Group also noted that the every-day person is frustratingly helpless to the chemicals going into their water supply, and the subsequent costs associated with different water filtering techniques.

Olga Naidenko, vice president of science investigation at the group, further explained, “Industries and companies that released PFAS into the environment and drinking water sources — should be responsible to covering such costs, as it is unfair for homeowners to be saddled with costs for pollution they did not create.”

The water group does offer information, though, on filtering technologies that you can use to dramatically reduce water contamination. Filtering technology will help. Carbon filters, for example, will reduce many, but not all, contaminants.

How to Check Contaminants In Your Water:

The environmental group’s public database catalogs contaminants in every water system in the country — the first such database of its kind. First, select the state where you live, and you’ll see state-level data. For more local information, enter your ZIP code.

After you enter your ZIP code, you’ll be directed to a page showing the name of your water utility system. Select “View Utility” to see which contaminants were identified in your area.

What You Can Do

For those with concerns, the environmental group provides a guide to buying water filters. If you find your local water supply has a particularly high level of a dangerous chemical, you can search for a filter that best blocks the specific substance.

While water filters are important, the group also acknowledges they are more of a Band-Aid solution than an actual fix.

“We really want to iterate that’s a first-line, temporary measure,” Evans told Patch. “It’s what you can do today to protect yourself, but really we want long-term permanent change, and that’s going to happen at the community level.”

Subsequently, the environmental group has created a set of seven questions to ask your elected officials about tap water.

The organization strongly believes that everyone can help in the battle to improve tap water safety.

“We absolutely believe in the power of personal advocacy — for individuals to reach out to their local elected officials of all levels. The power of people can come into play,” Naidenko said.

Where The Environmental Working Group Gets Its Funding:

The majority of the group’s funding comes from private charitable foundations, here’s a partial list of the organization’s largest backers.

• 11th Hour Project
• Civil Society Institute
• Jacob and Hilda Blaustein Foundation
• William and Flora Hewlett Foundation
• The McKnight Foundation
• Popplestone Foundation
• Park Foundation
• The David and Lucile Packard Foundation
• Barbra Streisand Foundation
• Turner Foundation
• Wallace Genetic Foundation
• The Walton Foundation
• Winslow Foundation

More detailed information on the organization’s funding and annual reports are available on its website.