Home Instruction: Online Learning or Project-Based Learning

The current pandemic has brought online learning into the spotlight. Most secondary schools are implementing some form of online learning. Considering the stay at home policy, it seems that this is adequate substitution for classroom based instruction. However, online learning has a number of challenges that must be considered when replacing classroom instruction: providing internet access and devices to all students, allowing students to interact with the teacher and other students. In addition the developing of leadership skills, such as teamwork, problem-solving, communication, planning and group learning outcomes are extremely difficult to include the online structure. In most cases, online instruction is based on the individual student with a focus on academic learning.

There has been an ongoing debate on the effectiveness of online learning. Does it improve learning that has taken place in the classroom? The answer will depend on the learning expectations of the school and the district. If the goal of student learning is to gain knowledge, get high test scores and “cover” the material, then online learning will work. However, if the goal is to develop well adjusted, self-confident and empathetic students who are able to problem solve, online learning is not the best methodology.

Project-based learning (PBL) is a teaching approach in which students gain knowledge and skills by working together for an extended period of time to solve a complex, meaningful problem utilizing authentic learning in combination with a student-centered approach to increase student engagement and interest. PBL allows students to collaborate and work together in a genuine manner. Students gain social-emotional skills as well as academic skills by planning, problem-solving, creating, and reflecting together. By focusing on practical skills, students can generalize what they learn and improve academic and social skills. Teachers are facilitators during project-based instruction.

An important aspect to PBL is that it can be used for individual or small group instruction. In the current situation where students are working from home, teachers can design projects that can be completed using instructional materials and/or web resources. If the project involves several students, they can work online using email or other platforms to communicate and work as a team. Since the assessment of the projects is in the form of a rubric, the students will know what the learning outcome when they start the project. For more information on PBL and see samples of student projects go to www.medfordccsr.org.