Anti-Trans Violence Is Rising: Report

NEW YORK, NY — More than 100 transgender people have been killed in the United States over the past five years, including at least 25 so far this year, according to advocacy groups that monitor the phenomenon and look for methods to reduce the toll. This year is the highest yearly total on record.

The Human Rights Campaign in a report released on Friday calculated that 102 transgender people were killed in the last half-decade. The report was jointly sponsored by the Trans People of Color Coalition and was released ahead of Monday's yearly Transgender Day of Remembrance observations, which honors the hundreds of transgender people killed across the globe every year.

The National Coalition of Anti-Violence Programs, another monitoring group, documented 26 killings of transgender and gender-nonconforming people in the U.S. so far this year.

The groups said those counts could be incomplete though because police and news outlets often misidentify transgender victims. In some cases, it has taken weeks or months for friends and family to publicly clarify the gender identity of a victim who had transitioned from the gender given in initial police accounts of the death.

The Human Rights Campaign provided a statistical breakdown of the 102 killings since January 2013.

• 88 of the victims were transgender women.
• Nearly all of them were black or Hispanic.
• Nearly three-quarters were under age 35, including four minors.
• 55 of the victims were killed in the South, including 16 of this year's victims.

"Their killings were committed by lovers, acquaintances, family members, neighbors and strangers," the report said. "While every story highlighted in this report is unique and tragic, they all also reflect a legacy of intolerance, hate and discrimination that transgender people must navigate and surmount every day."

The report noted that most states do not have laws prohibiting discrimination against transgender people.

"Indeed, in many states, anti-transgender bias is ingrained and systematically enforced in nearly all aspects of life, including in laws and government agencies, schools, housing, health care and employment," the report said.

The result, said the report, is a disproportionately high rate of poverty — 30 percent — among transgender people.

"Many of those living in poverty rely on the underground economy to survive, including sex work, drug sales and other currently criminalized work," the report said. "These dangerous situations may put transgender people at a higher risk of police harassment, sexual assault and fatal violence."

While many of the transgender homicides draw no more than scant local news coverage, two recent cases have attracted national attention.

In Missouri, LGBT activists have asked the state attorney general to oversee an investigation of the death of a transgender teenager whose body was mutilated and burned in September. Activists have raised concerns about the response of the local sheriff and prosecutor to the death of 17-year-old Ally Lee Steinfeld. The local officials insist the slaying wasn't a hate crime.

The U.S. Justice Department sent a federal hate crimes lawyer to Iowa to help prosecute a man charged with killing a transgender teenager last year, an unusual decision by Attorney General Jeff Sessions even as he takes other steps to weaken the rights of transgender people. A jury on Nov. 3 convicted Jorge Sanders-Galvez, 23, of first-degree murder in the fatal shooting of 16-year-old Kedarie Johnson in Burlington, Iowa, in March 2016. A trial for a second man charged with murder in the case, Jaron Purham, 25, is set for Feb. 20, 2018.

Sessions says the Justice Department no longer considers transgender people shielded from workplace discrimination under federal law, and he has issued sweeping guidance on protecting religious freedom that undercuts protections for LGBT people.

By DAVID CRARY, AP National Writer

Photo credit: John Lovretta/The Hawk Eye via AP